Fuel rectifier



JNIIIIBL 17, 1930.

J. HUTCHINSON FUEL RECTIFIER Filed Oct. 2'7, 1925 2 Sheet s-Sheet l IEJIIW mum I \ll INVENTOR 7% M wfizg ATTORNEYS June 17, 1930. J. HUTCHINSON FUEL RECTIFIER Filed Oct. 27, 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR Patented June 1 7, 1930 ii TENT; OFFICE 10 nvrc msonjc BEeT NECK, New YQBK FUEL B rIFI Application filed October 27, 1925. Serial 'No. 65,973.

This invention relates to a device for the treatment of fuel for use in internal combustion engines, and more particularly to means adapted to utilize and completely vaporize all portions of the liquid fuel mixed with the air, and passed on to thevcylinders of the en glne. I

It is also in the nature of a modification and improvement on the devicesof my co pending applications, Serial No. 67 9,431, filed December 8, 1923 and Serial No. 16,232, filed March 17, 1925 which has since matured into Patent No. 1,624,249 dated April 12, 1927, in which I disclosed respectively a combined pump, carburetor and vaporizer constituted ing any heavy particles of: unvaporized fuel from reaching the cylinders of the engine, whereby carbon deposits would be formed, and also to prevent any of the said heavy particles frompassing onthrough the engine into the crank case and thereby causing serious dilution of the lubricating flui d.

- "The gasoline fuel in use at" this time con- "tains a considerable amount of what are termed heavy ends, which do not vaporize in and therefore, they are carried al'ongin liquid form through the manifold and into the cylinders. ,7 i I Y My device comprises a carburetor, a separator of anirnproved type-,and a vaporizer heatedby the exhaust gas In the carburetor, there are no idling features outside the primary venturi which is restricted to a point 5 where thefilow air velocity will pick up sutficient-fuel to run smoothly, so that all fuel, at eitherhigh or low speed, will pass through the separator.

To assist in vaporization an electrically; heated by-pass is provided, so that a cold motor,

hot gas from th float chamber.

the principal object is-to increasethe elfi- 125 ciency and economy of operation by preventharshness. the temperature prevailing-in the carburetor,

- of Fig. 1."

motor may bestarted in severely cold weather,

h m xtur fr m th y-Pas a so b g s through the-separator beforeit reaches the A tubular receptacle is also provided under the separator, with a capacity sufficient for collecting the unvaporized fuel prior to the time when the exhaust gas has raised the temperature of the liquid fuel in the receiver,

after which the vapor will pass off as fast as 160 the liquid falls into the receiver. 'lhe outlet for this'v po has a gr ater a a tha th drainage inlet, wh re y a ircula ion s eated, as both are subject to the same suction of theair passageinthe separator. p5 To prevent overheating the charge, which would result in .a lowering of the motor efficiency due to expansiomcold air is taken in direct, and in order to assist the cold air in the breaking up of the fuelin the spray 17,0 nozzle,'the fuel isheated by exhausting the e vaporizer through the fuel I also show herein a modification, in which a larger vaporizer is used, whereby the known 7,5

1 practice of using warm air in the carburetor and keepingthe fuel float chamber cool may be availed of. i 1 g It should be noted that .thepassage in the separator is circular in form, curved to preso vent'any harshness or eddy currents, and is also provided with small finsor. abutments which serve :to collect any heavy particles of 7 fuel without creating any eddy currents or v a n 'Ilfldesired,.tlrisseparatorcouldbe included as {a part of the "manifold, but this construcn o d-he m r expens ve to build a ,more diflicultito connect with the vaporizer, which in itself, would not be a complete de- 28 vice, in i c th firs a rese tors have their own type oflrnangfold.

Mydevice can be adapted to anytmanifold y th simple ha s ne 9 he u et fi fOther objects and (advantages are set forth/ i h fdllow j gspecifioatiio and h n t e drawings, in which ]3ig.1-isan elevation partly in section. Fig. 2 is asectional view on the line 2 2 V H LE-m0 Fig. 3 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional View of the nozzle.

Fig. 4 is a View partly in section, showing a modification in which warm air is delivered to the nozzle.

Fig. 5 is a partial transverse sectional view taken on line 55 of Figure 4.

In Fig. 1 of the drawings herewith, the numeral 10 indicates the fuel float chamber, 11 the vaporizer chamber, 12 the separator chamber, 13 the carburetor, and 14 indicates the electric heating chamber.

The fuel chamber 10 is provided with a fuel inlet connection 15 having an orifice 16 which is controlled by the needle valve 18 operated by the float 21 mounted on the fulcrum 20.

The level of the fuel with relation to the nozzle 34 of the carburetor may be regulated by the addition or removal of the shims 17 whereby the proper adjustment of the needle valve 18 may be obtained.

Air is admitted to the chamber 10 through the inlet 19 and the fuel passes to the nozzle 34 through the outlet 22. The lower enlarged end 36 of the nozzle is the low speed or idling nozzle which extends into the restricted portion of the primary venturi 30 rigidly mounted in the top wall 27 of the lower air inlet chamber 25.

The numeral 23 indicates the outer wall of the carburetor, 24 is the inner wall, 25 is the lower air inlet chamber provided with the inlet 26, the upper air inlet chamber being indicated at 29 and being provided with the upper air inlet 31.

The secondary venturi 32 is mounted in the carburetor so that it may lift as the mixture of air and fuel enters when the throttle valve 54 is partially opened and as the throttle is opened further and the speed of the engine increases additional air is admitted and an increased amount of fuel is drawn from the high speed nozzle 37, which is provided with the port 39, the outer nozzle tube 36 having the port 38.

As the secondary venturi 32 moves upwardly, its tapered shape gradually reduces the space around the upper end of the inner nozzle 37, so that the velocity of the air and the supply of the fuel are increased. The upward travel of the secondary venturi 32 is limited by the shoulder 40. The air which enters at the lower inlet 26 and the upper inlet 31 is controlled by the choke valve 70 as shown in Fig. 2. V

The mixture passes on through the valve '54 controlled by the lever 72, into the separator through the entrance 53 to the circular passage 55 which carries on the inner side of its Wall the semi-circular baflie projections 57, the high velocity of the mixture causing the heavy unvaporized oil to contact with the wall and said projections and then to flow down into the trough 58 and out through the drip holes 59 to the collecting receptacle 60 and the heating tubes 61.

As is obvious, when the requisite temperature is reached in the chamber surrounding the tubes 61, the contents will vaporize and ascend to the hot return gas chamber 62, where it is superheated and then passes through the ports 64 to the air stream, following the inner surface of the circular passage free from baifles, to the outlet 65.

The manifold connecting flange is indicated at 65 and through the exhaust connection 66 the hot gas from the exhaust manifold enters and following the course indicated by the arrows passes through the pipe 67 into the vaporizing chamber 11 where it is spread by the baffle 68 and circulates around the cups 61, and then passes on out through the float chamber, exhausting at 69.

To facilitate the starting of the motor in cold weather by pro-heating a mixture drawn from the carburetor through the by-pass 42, an electric heater is provided. This consists of a heating chamber 43, in which a heating coil 48, is mounted on an upper support 49 and a lower support 44 insulated by the bushing 45, the binding post being indicated at 46, the electric connection at 74 and the battery at 76, a switch of the usual type being shown at 75. The mixture after being heated passes out through the port 50 which is provided with a plug Valve 51 also having a port 52 which registers with the port 50.

In the modifications shown in Figs. 4 and 5, the fuel float chamber 10 is positioned apart from the varporizing construction, and therefore, the heating tubes 61 therein may be of greater length. In this type the air enters through the intake 78 and is heated in its passage around the hot vaporizing chamber 11 to the inlets 26 and 31 of the carburetor through the connection 79.

From the foregoing it will be seen that my device provides an efficient means for increasing the mileage to be obtained in the use of the commercial gasoline now in use, together with a utilization of the heavy ends and incompletely vaporized portions of the mixture developed in a carburetor, which if not treated in this manner would constitute not only a waste but also a menace in the shape of carbon deposits and as a diluent of the lubricant in the crank case.

I claim 1. A fuel rectifier comprising the combination with a carburetor, of means to separate from a mixture of air and hydro-carbon fuel any incompletely vaporized portions of the mixture, said means consisting of a body having a circular passage connected with the carburetor and provided with semi-circular interior projections, a receptacle for the incompletely vaporized portions of the fuel, and means for raising the region of said receptacle to a high temperature.

2. A fuel rectifier comprising the combination with a carburetor having a fixed primary venturi, a second venturi arranged in tandem and movable with respect to the primary venturi, means to adjust the secondary venturi, a curved chamber into which said venturies discharge, said chamber extending more than a half circle in a level plane and being of circular cross section and bafiies in said chamber adapted to separate any incompletely vaporized portions of an explosive mixture of air and hydro-carbon fuel.

3. A fuel rectifier comprising the combination with a carburetor having a fixed pri-V mary venturi, a second venturi arranged in tandem and movable with respect to the primary venturi, means to adjust the secondary venturi, a sinuous chamber into which said venturies discharge, said chamber having a circular cross section, a plurality of interior balfles in said chamber, a receptacle below said chamber in open communication at each battle to receive incompletely vaporized portions of the gaseous fuel by gravity, and means to raise the contents of said receptacle to a high temperature to vaporize said fuel portions, and passages. to return the vaporizecl fuel to said chamber.

4. A fuel rectifier comprising the combina tion with a carburetor, of means in said carburetor to separate from a fuel mixture pass- 1ng therethrough any incompletely vaporized portions of the mixture, and a heated by-pass to shunt the throttle, said by-pass being located between the carburetor and said separating means, whereby a rich fuel mixture is provided. I

5. In a fuel rectifying device the combination of the following elements; means for pre-heating the fuel in the fuel float chamber; a carburetor; a circular passage connected thereto and provided with semi-circular projections in the interior thereof; a trough in the bottom wall of the said passage, a receptacle adjacent the said trough; a plurality of cups adjacent the said receptacle; and apertures connecting the said receptacle and the said cups; 1

6. In a fuel rectifying device the combination of the following elements; a carburetor;

means adapted to separate from a mixture of air and hydro-carbon fuel-any incompletely vaporized portions of the said mixture and comprising a circular passage connected with the carburetor and provided with semicircular projections in the interior thereof, and a receptacle for the said incompletely vaporized portions; and means located between the carburetor and the said separating means and adapted'to raise to a high temperature the contents of the said receptacle.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto affixed my signature.

JOB HUTOHINSON. 

